Overtaking (oikoshi)
追越し · oikoshi
Definition
Oikoshi (overtaking) means catching up to a vehicle ahead, changing your course to pass alongside it, and moving out in front of it. The change of course is the key: passing without changing lanes is oinuki (追い抜き), a separate concept.
On the test
True/false example: "Overtaking means catching up with the vehicle ahead, changing course to pass alongside it, and moving in front of it." — True. The trap version drops the 'changing course' part, which is what distinguishes overtaking from simply passing.
The law behind it
The Road Traffic Act, Article 2, defines overtaking as changing course to pass a vehicle you have caught up with and moving ahead of it. Overtaking is banned at pedestrian crossings and within 30 m of them, among other places.
Road Traffic Act, Article 2 (Definitions), item 21 (official source)
Related guide
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