As long as a muffler is physically fitted, you may drive the vehicle even if that muffler has been cut or otherwise modified so its silencing function is seriously impaired.
消音器を切断するなど、その機能を著しく損なう改造をした消音器であっても、消音器が取り付けられていればその車を運転してよい。
This statement is FALSE
Explanation
The article treats a vehicle fitted with a muffler that has been cut or modified so as to seriously impair its silencing function as if it had no muffler at all, and bans driving it. Simply having a muffler attached is not enough. Source: Road Traffic Act, Article 71-2 (Matters to be observed by drivers of automobiles, etc.)
Original text
（当該消音器を切断したものその他の消音器の機能に著しい支障を及ぼす改造等で内閣府令で定めるものを加えた当該消音器を備えている自動車又は原動機付自転車を含む。）を運転してはならない。
Source: Road Traffic Act — 道路交通法 第七十一条の二（自動車等の運転者の遵守事項） · Act No.105 of 1960
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