At night, a moped (gentsuki) must switch on both its headlight and its tail lamp when riding on the road.
夜間に道路を通行するとき、原動機付自転車は前照灯と尾灯をつけなければならない。
This statement is TRUE
Explanation
Article 18(1)(ii) of the Enforcement Order lists exactly two lamps for a moped: the headlight and the tail lamp.
Original text
二 原動機付自転車 車両の保安基準に関する規定により設けられる前照灯及び尾灯
Source: Order for Enforcement of the Road Traffic Act — 道路交通法施行令 第十八条（道路にある場合の灯火） · Cabinet Order No.270 of 1960
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